Partial Differential Equations

The Monge transfer problem goes back to the 18th century. It consists in minimizing the transport cost of a material from a place to another (and changing the shape). Monge could not solve the problem and the next significant step was achieved 150 years later by Kantorovich who introduced the transport distance between two probability measures as well as the dual problem.

The Monge-Kantorovich distance is not easy to use for Partial Differential Equations and the method of doubling the variables is one of them. It is very intuitive in terms of stochastic processes and this provides us with a method for conservative PDEs as parabolic equations (possibly fractional), homogeneous Boltzman equation, scattering equation or porous medium equation...

Structured equations, as they appear in mathematical biology, is a particular class where the method can be used.

Speaker Biography

Benoît Perthame studied at the École Normale Supérieure, and has been a Professor at the University of Orléans, the École Normale Supérieure and Paris VI. He is a leader in the area of non-linear partial differential equations, and has made important contributions both to the theory of differential equations. He has also played a pioneering role in applying differential equations to problems of modeling in biology and other sciences. He has written several research monographs, as well as close to 300 papers.

Benoît Perthame was an Invited Speaker at the ICM in 1994, and gave a plenary lecture at the ICM in 2014. He has received the Peccot Prize from the Collège de France, and is a member of the French Academiy of Sciences.

We explain some of the recent results in concerning PDEs describing fluid flows, as well as some of the difficulties. Model equations will also be discussed.

For more information, see the event webpage for this event.

We would like to give a detailed presentation of some equations which exhibit some nonlocal phenomena. Often, the nonlocal effect is modelled by a diffusive operator which is (in some sense) elliptic and fractional. Natural example arise from probability, geometry, quantum physics, phase transition theory and crystal dislocation dynamics. We will try to discuss some of the mathematical tools that are useful to deal with these problems, explain in detail some of the main motivations, describe some recent results on these topics and list some open problems.

We would like to give a detailed presentation of some equations which exhibit some nonlocal phenomena. Often, the nonlocal effect is modelled by a diffusive operator which is (in some sense) elliptic and fractional. Natural example arise from probability, geometry, quantum physics, phase transition theory and crystal dislocation dynamics. We will try to discuss some of the mathematical tools that are useful to deal with these problems, explain in detail some of the main motivations, describe some recent results on these topics and list some open problems.

This talk has two parts. The common themes are the very interesting properties of flag domains and their quotients by discrete subgroups present only in the non-classical case. The first part will give a general overview of these properties, especially as they relate to several of the other talks being presented at this conference. The second part will focus on one particular property in the non-classical case. When suitably localized, the Harish-Chandra modules associated to discrete series -- especially the non-holomorphic and totally degenerate limits (TDLDS) of such -- may be canonically realized as the solution space to a holomorphic, linear PDE system. The invariants of the PDE system then relate to properties of the Harish-Chandra module: e.g., its tableau gives the K-type. Conversely, the representation theory, especially in the case of TDLDS, suggest interesting new issues in linear PDE theory.